Nutriact

For Chinese Version

Q1 : What is Nutriact?
A1 :
Nutriact is formulated according to the principles of Nutritional Immunology and is a mushroom powder beverage containing ingredients like Shiitake mushroom, Maitake mushroom, ABM mushroom (Agaricus blazel murill), Yun Zhi mushroom and Ganoderma mushroom.

Q2 : Most products in the market use only one type of mushroom. Is it necessary for Nutriact to use many types of mushrooms?
A2 :
Yes. Each type of mushroom has different types of polysaccharides and each polysaccharide has its unique beneficial qualities. E. Excel selects only the types of mushrooms rich in different types of polysaccharides in its formulation of Nutriact to achieve the optimum health benefits.

Q3 : What distinguishes Nutriact from other mushroom products in the market?
A3 :
Nutriact is a concentrated polysaccharide product, and is different from the average dried mushroom powder products. Because the dosage of polysaccharides is very important, Nutriact uses concentrated polysaccharides so that the optimum amount of polysaccharides is standardized within each individual packet. Dried mushroom powder products in the market may not contain the optimum dosage of polysaccharides.

Q4 : What’s the difference between Nutriact and other Ganoderma mushroom products in the market?
A4 :
Nutriact uses ABM mushroom (Agaricus blazel murill), Ganoderma mushroom, Maitake mushroom, Shiitake mushroom and Yun Zhi mushroom; each of these mushrooms contain unique polysaccharides that are not found in most Ganoderma mushroom products. The human body needs various types of polysaccharides to achieve optimal health. In addition, the water-soluble compounds in Ganoderma mushroom may cause a decrease in platelet count, resulting in bleeding.

Q5 : Have the benefits of polysaccharides been proven?
A5 :
Yes. Many studies have proven that polysaccharides can effectively enhance immune function, helping the body to ward off diseases. For example, the polysaccharides in ABM mushrooms are powerful anti-viral agents, preventing viruses and harmful substances from entering body tissues. Research has revealed that polysaccharides in Maitake mushroom have tremendous cancer-fighting properties.In Japan, a polysaccharide in Shiitake mushrooms has been permitted for use in cancer and hepatitis therapies. Research has shown that the polysaccharides in Yun Zhi Mushroom have anti-microbial and anti-viral properties; they also help prevent cancer and regulate immune functions.

Q6 : Can Nutriact be considered a natural food since its ingredients are concentrated polysaccharides?
A6 :
It has always been E. Excel’s philosophy to produce only natural food products and Nutriact is no exception. At E. Excel, we do not use chemicals in manufacturing the products. Instead, we employ state-of-the-art technologies to extract and concentrate nutrients from wholesome plant foods. This ensures that only the highest quality and quantity of nutrients are retained.

Q7 : Can diabetics take Nutriact?
A7 :
No sugar has been added to Nutriact. However, it is recommended that diabetics consult a licensed physician before consuming any health food supplements.

Q8 : When should I take Nutriact?
A8 :
You may enjoy Nutriact at any time.

Q9 : How much Nutriact should I consume daily?
A9 :
One package of Nutriact daily is sufficient for maintaining health. However, you may take two packages of Nutriact if your family has a history of hereditary diseases or have to work in a highly polluted environment. Consuming three packages daily is recommended if you are in constant poor health and wish to boost the immune functions.

Q10 : Does Nutriact dissolve in water?
A10 :
The nutrients in Nutriact are able to withstand heat. Hot water helps the product to dissolve.

Q11 : How should Nutriact be taken?
A11 :
Ideal choices include mixing Nutriact with water or fruit juices.

Q12 : Can I consume Nutriact with food?
A12 :
Yes. Add Nutriact to soups to let the whole family enjoy the various benefits of polysaccharides. Nutriact can also be added to refreshments and snacks. Mix Nutriact with other E. Excel beverages for an even better taste.

Q13 : Which other products are suitable to be taken together with Nutriact?
A13 :
Nutriact and Millennium are the best combination.

For Chinese Version


Q1 : What is Nutriact II?
A1 :
Nutriact II, like Nutriact, is a mushroom powder beverage formulated upon the principles of Nutritional Immunology. It contains Shiitake mushroom, Maitake mushroom, Yun Zhi mushroom, Ganoderma mushroom and ABM (Agaricus blazel murill) mushroom. In addition, it includes a variety of fruits for added taste.

Q2 : Nutriact II is packed in a 5-gram package while Nutriact is packed in a 3-gram package. Does this mean that Nutriact II is more effective?
A2 :
Both Nutriact II and Nutriact provide the same health benefits. Like Nutriact, Nutriact II contains Shiitake mushroom, Maitake mushroom, Yun Zhi mushroom, Ganoderma mushroom and ABM (Agaricus blazel murill) mushroom. Nutriact II is different from Nutriact in that it contains fruits. The difference in the weights of these two products is due to the inclusion of fruits.

Q3 : How many flavors of Nutriact II are there?
A3 :
There is currently one flavor of Nutriact II available.

Q4 : Does Nutriact II use natural flavoring?
A4 :
Yes. All E. Excel products do not contain any artificial flavoring or coloring.

Q5 : Can people on low-sugar diets take Nutriact II?
A5 :
Nutriact II contains many types of fruit. Hence, it contains fructose (fruit sugar). Nutriact would be a better choice than Nutriact II for people on low-sugar diets as the former is lower in sugar content.

Q6 : What are the different types of sugars, and which ones are safe for diabetics?
A6 :
There are several types of sugars, including sucrose (cane sugar/table sugar), lactose (found in dairy products), glucose and fructose (occurring naturally in sweet fruits and honey) and maltose (malt sugar).Most of the food we eat is converted to glucose (sugar) to provide our bodies with energy. When people suffer from diabetes, their bodies cannot use glucose properly, leading to excess glucose in the blood.Dietary restrictions for diabetics, especially with regard to sugar intake, are becoming more flexible in recent years. According to the American Diabetes Association, fructose is thought to have a smaller effect on blood glucose levels than sucrose, and may be used in moderate amounts. E. Excel advises diabetics or those on low-sugar diets to consult a physician about their diets.

Q7 : If a food does not taste sweet, does that mean that it contains no sugar?
A7 :
The sweetness of a food is not a good indication of its sugar content. Even bland foods break down into sugars once they are digested.

Q8 : I don’t have special dietary needs. Should I take Nutriact or Nutriact II?
A8 :
Nutriact is the original flavor mushroom powder beverage. Nutriact II contains fructose and thus, tastes sweeter than Nutriact. Those who do not have special dietary needs may consume either product depending on their taste.

Q9 : When should I take Nutriact or Nutriact II?
A9 :
You may enjoy Nutriact or Nutriact II at any time.

Q10 : How much Nutriact or Nutriact II should I consume daily?
A10 :
One package daily is sufficient for maintaining health. For enhanced health benefits, you may consume up to a maximum of three packages daily.

Q11 : How should Nutriact II be taken?
A11 :
Dissolve Nutriact II in either warm water or fruit juice. As it has a fruity taste, it is unsuitable for adding to foods or soups.

Q12 : As Nutriact II contains fruits, will mixing it with hot or boiling water destroy its benefits?
A12 :
No. However, using hot or boiling water may affect the taste of Nutriact II as it contains fruits.

Q13 : Which products are best combined with Nutriact and Nutriact II?
A13 :
Nutriact and Nutriact II are best taken with Millennium and Millennium Red.




Source : E.Excel Q&A Handbook

Shape of Excellence

For Chinese Version

Q1:What is Shape Of Excellence?
A1:
Shape of Excellence I consists of Nutrifresh (Mixed Fruit), EverNew and Ginberry while Shape Of Excellence II contains Nutrifresh-D, EverNew-D and Ginberry. Both Nutrifresh and Nutrifresh-D are good sources of soy protein. EverNew and EverNew-D are rich sources of fiber. Ginberry contains ginseng berry. These products are low in fat and calories yet high in nutrition, making Shape of Excellence an ideal supplement for weight management.

Q2:What’s the difference between Shape of Excellence I and II?
A2:
Shape of Excellence I is more flavorful while Shape Of Excellence II is formulated for those with either special dietary needs or a preference for a lighter taste.

Q3:Can Shape of Excellence be taken with other E. Excel products?
A3:
Shape of Excellence can be taken with other E. Excel products. However, to enhance health benefits, it is recommended that you take Shape of Excellence with the Essence of Simplicity.

Q4:What is obesity?
A4:
Simply put, obesity results when calorie intake is greater than the body’s energy expenditure.

Q5:What causes obesity?
A5:
There are various complex factors and it is impossible to accurately pinpoint the cause of obesity. Although genetic disposition is one of them, the key factor is unhealthy dietary habits such as eating foods high in sugar and fats.Age is another factor. As people get older, they need less calories but they have not changed their dietary habits. This is especially true of middle-aged people who enjoy relatively higher income, have more social activities but less physical activity. They become obese due to decreased metabolism rate and the daily accumulation of excess calories.

Q6:How does obesity threaten health?
A6:
Obesity is a warning sign of declining health. Statistics show that obesity is featured prominently in many diseases of civilization and will become the main health bane of modern society. Obesity has many adverse health effects such as a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, burdens lung functions, and skin and joint problems. In addition, research has shown that obesity is the main cause of chronic diseases! Due to this close link between obesity and chronic diseases, scholars and experts have even referred to obesity, diabetes, hypertension and arteriosclerosis as the New World Syndrome or metabolic syndrome’s “deadly quartet”. Hence, it is not too much to say that obesity is the killer of modern man’s health.

Q7:Can I get cancer or heart disease if I am overweight?
A7:
The American Cancer Society says that overweight or obese post-menopausal women face higer risk of cancers such as breast cancer, colon cancer, gallbladder cancer and kidney cancer. The American Heart Association reports that people who are more than 30% over their ideal body weight are more likely to develop heart disease even if they do not have other risk factors like smoking or diabetes. This is because the extra weight puts a strain on the heart and increases blood pressure and cholesterol.

Q8:Is there a standard criterion to assess if I am overweight?
A8:
Yes. The Body Mass Index is currently the more recognized standard evaluation criterion. It is easy and convenient, requiring only height and weight measurements as per the formula: weight (kg)/height (m) 2In Malaysia and Singapore, a BMI of 18.5 to 22.9 is considered normal weight while a BMI of between 23 and 27.4 is considered overweight and a BMI of 27.5 and above is considered obese. Once BMI exceeds 27.5, reduction of weight is necessary.

Q9:What can I do to reduce weight in a healthy manner?
A9:
Here are some tips to reduce weight healthily:
1.
Reduce intake of saturated fats and oil.
2.
Keep a food diary to track what you eat and why you overeat.
3.
Ensure your three main meals are balanced.
4.
Choose lower calorie foods.
5.
Reduce consumption of highly processed foods.
6.
Alter eating patterns during a meal. Begin with vegetable soup that has little or no oil. Wait till you feel 70% full before eating your main meal of rice with side dishes. Remember to chew slowly, about 20 to 30 times before swallowing.

Q10:Which E. Excel products can help me manage my weight?
A10:
Shape of Excellence consists of an ideal combination of weight management products. Nutrifresh, EverNew and Ginberry do not contain cholesterol. They are low in calories and very nutritious. Taking them together with a balanced diet and exercising regularly can help you manage your weight more effectively.

Q11:Why is Nutrifresh effective in weight management?
A11:
Nutrifresh is low in calories, has no saturated fat or cholesterol, and is rich in soy protein. Research shows that there is a lower incidence of diseases like cancer, heart disease and osteoporosis among those whose diets are rich in soy and low in animal protein. Soy protein is easily absorbed by the body and contains a tetrapeptide that can speed up fat decomposition. Combined with a moderately active exercise program and a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, Nutrifresh can help you manage your weight while keeping your body healthy.

Q12:Why is EverNew effective in weight management?
A12:
EverNew is derived from psyllium husk, natural grains and fruits, all excellent sources of both soluble and insoluble fiber. Dietary fiber offers many valuable health benefits, including the regulation of the digestive system and lowering of blood cholesterol levels. Soluble fiber helps to reduce absorption of fat and cholesterol.

Q13:Why is Ginberry effective in weight management?
A13:
Ginseng berry is one of the main ingredients in Ginberry. According to researchers at the University of Chicago, ginseng berry extract “completely normalized blood glucose levels, improved sensitivity to insulin, lowered cholesterol levels, and decreased weight by reducing appetite and increasing activity levels in mice bred to develop diabetes.” The extract contains high amounts of ginsenoside Re, which also aids digestion.

Q14:Why is the Essence of Simplicity effective in weight management?
A14:
Containing ginger leaf, winter melon seeds, sterculia seeds, honeysuckle and other herbs, the Essence of Simplicity gives your digestive system the relief it needs. It invigorates the body, promoting a completely cleansed digestive system for beautiful skin and proper assimilation of nutrients.

Q15:How can I use products in Shape of Excellence to optimize its body-shaping effect?
A15:
It is recommended that you mix the products with significant amounts of water. If you wish to get the most out of its slimming benefits, it is recommended that you consume one packet of Nutrifresh/Nutrifresh-D, EverNew/EverNew-D and Ginberry for breakfast. Repeat half an hour before lunch. If you feel hungry in the afternoon, take a packet of Nutrifresh/Nutrifresh-D. Half an hour before dinner, take a packet of EverNew/EverNew-D.

Q16:Why is it recommended that the products be taken half an hour before meals?
A16: Fiber takes half an hour to reach our stomach and intestines to help suppress the absorption of fat. Consuming these fiber-rich products half an hour before meals ensures that they can effectively help you achieve a slim physique.

Q17:Does Shape of Excellence contain caffeine or other stimulants?
A17: No. None of E. Excel’s products contain caffeine or stimulants.

Q18:Why do some weight loss products in the market cause harmful side effects?
A18:
Some weight loss products contain ephedrine, a type of stimulant that may result in serious side effects such as brain hemorrhage and even death. Some products may also contain diuretics derived from either Traditional Chinese Medicine or western medicine that can seriously affect kidney function; these products can only help you to lose water, not fat. Products such as slimming teas are usually high in caffeine that can cause various diseases and disorders. Some weight loss products contain chemical agents and potent herbal medicines that may cause serious damage to the liver and kidneys.

Source: E.Excel Q&A Handbook

Symphony of Excellence

For chinese version

Q1:What is Symphony of Excellence?
A1:
Symphony of Excellence consists of a superb product combination to improve immune function so that the immune system serves as a strong fortress against many diseases.Symphony of Excellence I is the result of extensive research based on Nutritional Immunology. It includes Millennium, Nutriact II and DNP capsules (Morning and Evening Herb Food Concentrates) to cater to those seeking overall health protection. E. Excel’s Symphony of Excellence II includes Millennium Red, Nutriact and DNP capsules (Morning and Evening Herb Food Concentrates) for those with special dietary needs, allowing them access to its benefits while adhering to their food restrictions.

Q2:What are the benefits of antioxidants, phytochemicals and polysaccharides?
A2:
The human body is constantly threatened by environmental pollutants. Viral infections such as SARS and bird flu and even cancer are the result of an immune system that is too weak to defend against diseases.Phytochemicals are natural compounds found in plants. They enhance the functioning of the immune system and certain phytochemicals can also suppress tumors. Antioxidants delay aging by protecting body cells from oxidation. Polysaccharides balance the immune system by producing immune cells and chemicals that aid in the destruction of cancer cells or viruses.Plant foods such as cactus and mushrooms (ABM mushroom, Coriolus versicolor mushroom, Shiitake mushroom, Reishi mushroom and Maitake mushroom) are rich in phytochemicals, antioxidants and polysaccharides. Antioxidants, phytochemicals and polysaccharides from plant foods improve the balance of our bodily systems to help us ward off pathogens, without causing harmful side effects.

Q3:What’s the difference between DNP Morning and Evening capsules?
A3:
Our various body systems face different challenges during the day and at night. When we are awake, our immune cells are expended as they resist foreign harmful substances; when we are asleep, the immune system is rejuvenated and revitalized. Thus, DNP Morning and Evening capsules are specially formulated to cater to the unique needs of the body whether it is at work or at rest.

Q4:If I have to work the night shift, how should I use DNP capsules?
A4:
The DNP capsules should be used according to an individual’s sleeping and waking hours. Take DNP Morning capsules while awake and DNP Evening capsules before you sleep.

Q5:How long should one consume Symphony of Excellence to see results?
A5:
Our immune system usually requires at least three months of constant nourishment to obtain optimal benefits. Thus, it is recommended that you consume Symphony of Excellence continuously for at least three months.

Q6:Can I use Symphony of Excellence for one month, stop the next month and continue the month thereafter?
A6:
The immune system needs at least three consecutive months of nourishment to achieve peak condition. Thus, it is recommended that you consume Symphony of Excellence continuously for three months, followed by consuming Daily Nutrition Pack continuously for at least three months.

Q7:What’s the difference between Symphony of Excellence and Daily Nutrition Pack?
A7:
Symphony of Excellence is specially designed to bolster immune function and prevent diseases. For these purposes, it contains “elite” Nutritional Immunology products that are brimming with antioxidants, phytochemicals and polysaccharides. Daily Nutrition Pack is specially designed to restore balance and detoxify the body, allowing the body to achieve a healthy balance and maximum “health-preserving” effects.

Q8:Should I take Symphony of Excellence together with Daily Nutrition Pack?
A8:
The DNP capsules in Symphony of Excellence and Daily Nutrition Pack are the same but you could use the Symphony of Excellence together with Nutrifresh and Triflora if you wish to enhance the benefits of Symphony of Excellence.

Source: E.Excel Q & A Hanbook

Millennium and Millennium Red

For Chinese Version

Q1:What is Millennium?
A1:
Millennium is a concentrated cactus beverage formulated upon the principles of Nutritional Immunology. Besides cactus, Millennium contains royal jelly and honey to provide an excellent source of nutrients for the body.Cactus is a natural plant food that is rich in phytochemicals. Research has revealed many amazing benefits of cactus such as strengthen the immune system, lowering blood glucose, improving cholesterol level and speeding up wound healing. In addition, phytochemicals are scientifically proven to help prevent the spread of cancer.

Q2:What are the health benefits of royal jelly?
A2:
Royal jelly is well known for its high nutrition and it is even called “the food of life”. Research conducted by Tamagawa University in Tokyo, Japan revealed that the water-soluble protein in royal jelly breaks down into at least five different types of proteins including royalisin — a protein with antibacterial properties.

Q3:How is Millennium different from other cactus products in the market?
A3:
Millennium is a superior cactus beverage that contains highly concentrated cactus extract. Millennium is different from other cactus products because it is formulated according to the science of Nutritional Immunology to retain maximum nutrients in their most concentrated form. In addition, E. Excel takes into account the cactus species, age and ideal processing methods in the manufacturing process of Millennium to ensure that the product meets the highest standards. For example, boiling the cactus during the production process would have meant losing its useful nutrients.

Q4:How does E. Excel produce Millennium?
A4:
Tremendous amounts of effort and time go into producing Millennium. Cactus does not produce much extracted juice. Thus, it takes a large quantity of cacti to produce a single pack of Millennium. In addition, the cactus requires many years of growth before it is ripe for harvest. Obtaining the cactus extract is a complex and arduous task. First, the spines and thick epidermis are removed. Next, the cactus gel is used immediately to retain maximum nutritional value. The gel is filtered to remove the seeds and fiber. To remove remaining insoluble particles, the cactus gel next undergoes nanofiltration, which removes the micro and macro particles. Then, microfiltration filters away lung-damaging dust and other substances in the macro molecular range. Ultrafiltration, the final step, separates particles by molecular weight. When the cactus gel has gone through all these filtration processes, it still retains its pure, effective nutrients, but it is virtually contaminant free and will not spoil, thereby requiring no preservatives. This filtration process also concentrates the nutrients as they are being filtered.

Q5:What is the difference between cactus and aloe vera?
A5:
Although the aloe vera resembles the cactus, the former is actually a member of the lily family, while cactus is closely related to the rose plant. Aloe vera grows quickly, taking just about eight months to mature while cactus takes many years. Aloe vera is said to be native to North Africa while cactus is native to the American continents. Aloe vera is darker and has long, flat leaves, while cactus is usually lighter colored with fleshy and swollen stems.

Q6:What are the health benefits of cactus?
A6:
Cactus contains large amounts of phytochemicals and antioxidants that can boost the human immune functions so that natural killer cells can effectively destroy harmful invaders. Research by Ferdanez et al has shown that cactus extract can also reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Cactus also lowers blood sugar and promotes wound healing. According to “Ben Cao Gang Mu”, also known as the Compendium of Materia Medica, which is a dictionary of Chinese herbs, the cactus plant is cooling by nature, and it is able to get rid of heatiness and aid in detoxification, making it useful in alleviating many diseases. Scientists have also discovered that cactus can help control blood glucose level and reduces hangover symptoms.

Q7:When should cactus be harvested to obtain the highest nutritional value?
A7:
The best time for harvesting a cactus is when it has reached the height of an average adult. However, this process takes several decades, making nutrients from the cactus very precious and rare.

Q8:What is Millennium Red?
A8:
Millennium Red contains the same nutritional benefits of cactus extract as Millennium minus the royal jelly and honey. Instead, Millennium Red is formulated with sorbitol, a natural sweetener found in the berries of the sorbus tree, cherry, pear and other fruits. Research has shown that consuming sorbitol will not elevate blood sugar levels.

Q9:How much of Millennium should I drink daily?
A9:
It is best to drink Millennium several times daily, 15cc to 20cc each time.

Q10:What would be the best way to consume Millennium?
A10:
You can either drink it on its own or mix it with other E. Excel products. Add ice for a refreshing taste. It is recommended that Millennium be poured out before consumption, rather than drinking it directly from the pack, to prevent contamination.

Q11:Which other products are suitable to be taken together with Millennium?
A11:
Millennium is best complemented with Nutriact and ACT. Taking Millennium with other E. Excel products can also enhance the overall health benefit.

Q12:Must Millennium be refrigerated once it is opened?
A12:
Yes. As Millennium uses a sterile packaging, once opened, it should be immediately refrigerated. It does not need to be refrigerated if the seal is not broken.

Source: E.Excel Q&A Handbook

Daily Nutrition Pack

For Chinese Version


Q1:What is Daily Nutrition Pack?
A1:
Daily Nutrition Pack consists of DNP capsules, Nutrifresh (Mixed Fruit) and Triflora (Jasmine).

Q2:What is “health-preserving”?
A2:
Every day, the body needs many types of plant nutrients to achieve an optimal “health-preserving” effect, allowing us to live healthier, longer lives. But due to a hectic lifestyle or lack of nutritional knowledge, many people tend to neglect the importance of a balanced diet and the effect of environmental pollution on the body. Every day, our body is exposed to or we ingest various harmful elements such as heavy metals and additives. Detoxification is necessary to avoid toxin accumulation in the body. “Health-preserving” refers to nourishing the body daily with wholesome plant nutrition and flushing out toxins for optimal health.Thus, appropriate nutrition is vital to good health. Plant nutrients are not only low in calories and cholesterol, but they also effectively supplement our diet to aid in the natural cleansing of our bodies.

Q3:Should I take Daily Nutrition Pack together with Symphony of Excellence?
A3:
The DNP capsules in Daily Nutrition Pack and Symphony of Excellence are the same but you could use the Daily Nutrition Pack together with Millennium and Nutriact should you wish to enhance the benefits of Daily Nutrition Pack.

Q4:Can I buy the DNP capsules separately?
A4:
No. DNP capsules should be taken with Nutrifresh and Triflora (Daily Nutrition Pack), Millennium and Nutriact II (Symphony of Excellence I), or Millennium Red and Nutriact (Symphony of Excellence II) to achieve the best effect.

Q5:How long should one consume Daily Nutrition Pack to see results?
A5:
Like a car that needs constant care and maintenance to stay in top shape, a healthy body needs tender care to maintain its health. The body needs about three months to regenerate cells to achieve optimal balance. Thus, it is recommended that you consume Daily Nutrition Pack continuously for at least three months.

Q6:Can I use Daily Nutrition Pack for one month, stop for the next month and continue the month thereafter?
A6:
The body usually requires three consecutive months of nourishment and detoxification to restore its balance and achieve the “health-preserving” effect. Thus, it is recommended that in a year, you consume Symphony of Excellence continuously for three months, followed by consuming Daily Nutrition Pack continuously for at least three months.

Q7:If I consume all the other E. Excel capsules, would I gain health benefits similar to taking the DNP capsules in Daily Nutrition Pack?
A7:
No. This is because different products contain different formulations and ingredients for targeted purposes.

Q8:Can Symphony of Excellence and Daily Nutrition Pack be taken with other E. Excel products?
A8:
Yes. If you wish to further boost immunity, you can take either the Symphony of Excellence or the Daily Nutrition Pack in addition to other E. Excel products.

Source : E.Excel Q&A Handbook